项目名称： 轻度认知障碍老人认知控制功能减退的神经机制

项目负责人：关青

资助类别：广东省自然科学基金项目 面上项目

起止年月：2019年01月 至 2022年12月

项目摘要：

1.中文摘要：

随着人口老龄化进程的加速，轻度认知障碍（mild cognitive impairment, MCI）及阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer's disease，AD）的发病率不断增长。MCI是AD的前期临床状态，对MCI的发生和进展机制进行研究有助于预测和预防AD的发生。现有文献显示MCI的认知症状存在于多项认知域，但尚不能回答什么是MCI的核心认知功能损伤这一关键科学问题。本项目提出假设，认为认知控制功能减退可能是MCI的一项核心损伤。为了突破以往研究仅将认知控制视作冲突加工中的抑制控制的局限性，本项目拟基于新近提出的认知控制的信息理论，系统考察（1）MCI老人的认知损伤是否会体现为认知控制容量的降低、认知控制网络的受损、自上而下与自下而上加工的整合功能受损；（2）表征上述受损的行为与神经生物指标是否与用于诊断MCI的神经心理学测验成绩之间存在显著关联，且能否在机器学习中有效区分MCI与认知正常老年人。

关键词：轻度认知障碍 ，认知控制 ，脑网络

2.Abstract：

The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) increases with the enhancing progress of our aging society. Because MCI is the prodromal stage of AD, the investigation of MCI is benefit for predicting and preventing the presence of AD. The literature indicates that there are multiple cognitive domains affected by MCI, however, it remains unclear what is the core deficit in MCI. In this project, we propose that the impairment of cognitive control may play a key role in MCI because cognitive control is a core cognitive component. Under the information theory framework of cognitive control, this project aims to examine (1) whether older adults with MCI would show the reduction of the capacity of cognitive control and alterations of brain networks for cognitive control, and (2) whether the neurobiological features are correlated to the neuropsychological measures for the diagnosis of MCI and how effectively these features would distinguish MCI from normal cognition in machine learning.