项目名称：冲动性个体的决策加工模式与神经机制

项目负责人：徐鹏飞

亚类说明：青年项目

起止年月：2016年01月至 2018年12月

项目摘要

1.中文摘要：

冲动性是一种人格特质，也是行为控制的主要组成成分之一。以往的相关研究大多采用跨期选择任务或者stop-signal任务来对特质冲动或者冲动性相关障碍进行考察，但是这些范式难以回答冲动性个体在进行决策加工的过程中哪些认知控制系统发生了变化。本项目拟采用基于强化学习的马尔可夫决策模型，结合功能磁共振成像技术及弥散张量成像技术，对冲动性个体在决策加工中的沉思型与习惯性行为控制机制及脑功能与结构环路进行测查。通过比较高低冲动性个体在强化学习中的行为反应模式差异及二者在结构与功能神经环路上的异同，最终建立冲动性个体在决策加工过程中的认知和神经模型，为临床冲动性相关障碍的诊断与治疗提供可靠指标。

关键词：认知控制；奖赏系统；冲动性；强化学习；功能磁共振成像

2.Abstract：

Impulsivity, a dimension of personality, is an important component of the inhibition of behavior. Previous studies investigated the cognitive processes of trait impulsivity or impulsivity related disorders by using intertemporal choice or stop-signal task, which were not able to dissociate different cognitive control systems during the decision making processes. In the current project, we attempt to use a reinforcement learning based Markov decision task combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging to examine the reflective goal-directed system and reflexive habitual system and the underlying neural substrates in impulsive individuals during decision making. By comparing the differences of behavior performance and structural and functional brain networks in individuals with different levels of impulsivity, the current project aims to build a neurocognitive model of impulsive individuals in the processes of decision making and to provide reliable behavioral and neural markers for clinical diagnosis and treatment of impulsivity related disorders.

Keywords: cognitive control; reward system; impulsivity; reinforcement learning; functional magnetic resonance imaging